Tai Dam Embroidery Techniques: Wisdom of Interesting Embroidery in the Northeastern Region
Background
The embroidery techniques of the Tai Dam people are an intriguing part of the cultural heritage of the Isan region. Various popular embroidery techniques are used, particularly among the Tai Dam or Thai Song Dam (Lao Song) ethnic groups living in the Ban Na Pa Nat area, Chiang Khan District, Loei Province. These traditions are being revived with support from Tai Dam relatives in other parts of Thailand, such as Phetchaburi, Nakhon Pathom, and Suphanburi provinces.
Embroidery Technique: "Patchwork"
The "Patchwork" embroidery technique is one of the most popular methods among the Tai Dam. This type of embroidery involves the use of bright colors on hand-woven cotton fabric, dyed a deep indigo color that appears almost black. The embroidered patterns often include small pieces of glass to enhance beauty and create reflective effects. In the local language, these patterns are called "pahu," meaning "flower." Common patterns include "Phrom Padi," "Ivory Pad," "Jin Padi," "Paed Pad," "Taven Cushion," "Lotus Leg Cushion," "Banai Cushion," and "Jasmine Cushion."
Embroidery Technique: "Chain-Stitch"
The "Chain-Stitch" technique is another commonly used embroidery style among the Tai Dam people. This technique utilizes brightly colored threads like red, green, orange, and white, embroidered on fabric dyed deep indigo. The contrast helps artisans easily separate colors, resulting in beautiful and vivid embroidery.
The Origin of Wisdom
Embroidery holds a significant place in the lives of the Tai Dam people. In Loei Province, the Tai Dam continue to value the weaving techniques of Mudmee and embroidery as part of their cultural heritage. Popular practices include "Sin Nang Han" weaving, which features ten Mudmee patterns in one piece, and Khit weaving. During the revival of Tai Dam embroidery wisdom, it was common to import embroidered cloth from Tai Dam communities in Thailand (such as Phetchaburi Province) and Vietnam (Dien Bien Phu) for traditional clothing.
Tai Dam embroidery is characterized by a range of intricate techniques, including "Patchwork" and "Chain-Stitch." Brightly colored threads, often paired with indigo-dyed fabric, create a beautiful contrast and add vibrancy to the designs. The Tai Dam people continue to pass down these embroidery techniques as part of their everyday lives, with "Sin Nang Han" and Khit weaving remaining popular today.
Thank You Source
Intellectual Heritage Book: Isaan Textiles
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